XHTML
What Is XHTML?
- XHTML stands for EXtensible HyperText
Markup Language
- XHTML is almost identical to HTML
- XHTML is stricter than HTML
- XHTML is HTML defined as an XML application
- XHTML is supported by all major browsers
The Most Important Differences from HTML:
Document Structure
- XHTML DOCTYPE is mandatory
- The xmlns attribute in <html> is mandatory
- <html>, <head>, <title>, and <body> are mandatory
XHTML Elements
- XHTML elements must be properly nested
- XHTML elements must always be closed
- XHTML elements must be in lowercase
- XHTML documents must have one root element
XHTML Attributes
- Attribute names must be in lower case
- Attribute values must be quoted
- Attribute minimization is forbidden
How to Convert from HTML to XHTML
- Add an XHTML <!DOCTYPE> to the first line of every page
- Add an xmlns attribute to the html element of every page
- Change all element names to lowercase
- Close all empty elements
- Change all attribute names to lowercase
- Quote all attribute values
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